Court Rules
Judge

Judge Orelia E. Merchant

Individual Rules, Standing Orders & Policies

Rules last changed:
Eastern District of New York

Limits & Logistics

Document Limits

Memorandum of Law
25 pgs
Letter
3 pgs
Memorandum of Law
10 pgs

Courtesy Copies

Attorney filings

  • When Fully Briefed

Compel Arbitration Motions, Remand Motions

Courtesy copies

  • 2 copies • During Direct Testimony
  • 2 copies • Mail • Within 2 Business Days of Filing
  • Immediately Upon Filing

Binding: Bound on Left

Exhibits

  • 3 copies • At Least 10 Days Before Trial
  • 3 copies • By Friday Before Trial

Adjournments

  • Adjournment or enlargement requests must be written ECF filings and include specified background and consent information.
  • If other scheduled dates are impacted, adjournment/enlargement requests must include proposed revised dates.
  • In pre-conviction criminal cases, adjournment requests must state whether parties agreed on a new date or availability period.

Request must include

Original DateReason for RequestNumber of Previous RequestsPrevious Requests Granted or DeniedAdversary PositionAffects Other DatesProposed New DatesProposed Rescheduled Date
6Business Daysnotice
  • Any response to a sentencing adjournment application must be filed in writing at least 6 business days before sentencing.
10Business Daysnotice
  • Sentencing adjournment applications must be submitted in writing at least 10 business days before sentencing.
2Business Daysnotice
  • Requests for adjournment or enlargement must be made at least two business days before the deadline or appearance, except emergencies.

Communication

Email

Chambers

merchant_chambers@nyed.uscourts.gov
Phone

Clerk, Chambers

(718) 613-2465
SchedulingEmergencies
Hours: before the end of the business day
Phone
(718) 613-2610
Technical Issues
Filters:

Page & Word Limits3 rules

Page LimitsMandatory

Memoranda in support of or in opposition to motions for reconsideration, however, are limited to ten (10) pages.

Memorandum of law
Up to 10 pages
Applies to
  • Reconsideration motions
OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 9
|SectionF. Memoranda of Law
Page LimitsMandatory

Support/opposition memoranda are capped at 25 pages and reply memoranda at 10 pages, with specified exclusions and formatting requirements.

Memorandum support or opposition
Up to 25 pages
Reply memorandum
Up to 10 pages
Format
Double-spaced; 12-point Times New Roman; 1-inch margins
Applies to
  • Memorandum of law

Excluded from page count

  • Table of contents
  • Table of authorities
  • Appendices
  • Attachments

Court's wording

Unless prior permission has been granted, memoranda of law in support of or in opposition to motions are limited to 25 pages, double spaced, and reply memoranda are limited to 10 pages, double spaced. These page limits are exclusive of tables of contents, tables of authorities, appendices, and attachments. Parties should use Times New Roman 12-point font and one-inch margins.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 9
|SectionF. Memoranda of Law
Page LimitsMandatory

Any appeal of a magistrate judge’s discovery determination must be in the form of a letter not exceeding three (3) pages in length.

Letter
Up to 3 pages
OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 11
|SectionV. CIVIL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES — A. Appeals of Discovery Determinations by Magistrate Judges

Document Format Requirements11 rules

FormattingMandatory

Video/audio exhibits that are too large to file on ECF may not be submitted via email, USB, or CD.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 2
|SectionCASE FILINGS
FormattingMandatory

Pursuant to Administrative Order 2004-08, all case documents must be filed electronically via ECF for all civil cases other than pro se cases as well as for all criminal cases.

Formatting

  • File electronically via ECF
OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 2
|SectionCASE FILINGS
FormattingMandatory

All other evidence, including images must be PDF’d and efiled.

File type
PDF
Applies to
  • Exhibits

Formatting

  • Efiled
OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 2
|SectionCASE FILINGS
FormattingMandatory

Parties represented by counsel in pro se cases must file documents via ECF and serve copies on the pro se litigants.

Formatting

  • File documents via ECF
  • Serve copies on pro se litigants
OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 2
|SectionCASE FILINGS
FormattingMandatory

Joint pretrial orders must be double spaced with one-inch margins, using Times New Roman 12-point font, and must include the following information:

Font
Times New Roman
Font size
12 points
Line spacing
Double
Margins
1 inch
Applies to
  • Pretrial order
OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 12
|SectionV. CIVIL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES
FormattingMandatory

Any document to be offered in evidence that contains multiple pages shall be paginated by counsel before trial, but any existing Bates stamping or other pagination may suffice.

FormattingImportant

Proposed orders, jury instructions, and other such writings a party wishes the Court to adopt should be submitted to chambers in Microsoft Word format as well as filed on ECF in PDF format.

File type
Word
Applies to
  • Proposed order
  • Jury instructions
OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 4
|SectionWord-Processing Files of Certain Submissions
FormattingImportant

All written submissions and supporting materials, to the extent practicable, must be text-searchable.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 4
|SectionText-Searchable Submissions
FormattingImportant

Submissions should be made text-searchable to the extent possible.

Formatting

  • Text-searchable to the extent possible
OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 5
|SectionState Court Records in Habeas Corpus Cases
FormattingImportant

Where exhibits are voluminous, they should be placed in binders with tabs.

Binding
Tabbed binder
Applies to
  • Exhibits
OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 13
|SectionC. Exchange of Exhibits
FormattingImportant

Unless otherwise ordered by the Court, jury instructions, proposed verdict sheets, and proposed voir dire questions in jury cases should be submitted directly to the Chambers’ inbox in not later than 15 days before trial in word- processor format.

Applies to
  • Jury instructions
  • Verdict sheet
  • Voir dire questions

Formatting

  • Submit in word-processor format

Document Filing Requirements42 rules

Filing RequirementsMandatory

All correspondence shall identify on whose behalf counsel is writing and must include the case, name, docket number, and initials of the judge(s) assigned to the case.

Document
Correspondence

Must include

  • Case number
OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 1
|SectionCOMMUNICATIONS WITH CHAMBERS
Filing RequirementsMandatory

The party must also file a cover letter on ECF describing the video/audio evidence submitted to the Court.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 2
|SectionCASE FILINGS
Filing RequirementsMandatory

The motion should include a cover letter explaining the reason(s) for sealing, restricting access to, or filing a redacted version of the document, along with the document that is requested to be sealed/restricted/redacted.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 2
|SectionFiling Submissions Under Seal
Filing RequirementsMandatory

For redacted filings, parties must submit both versions together or provide an unredacted version with visible highlighted proposed redactions.

Court's wording

When seeking to file a redacted document, the filing party must submit either: (a) the unredacted and redacted versions of the document together; or (b) the unredacted version with the proposed redactions highlighted such that the text to be redacted is still visible.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 2
|SectionFiling Submissions Under Seal
Filing RequirementsMandatory

The respondent’s answer shall attach excerpts of any transcripts that the respondent considers relevant, including any context needed for a full and fair understanding of those excerpts.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 5
|SectionState Court Records in Habeas Corpus Cases
Filing RequirementsMandatory

The state court record shall include copies of:

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 5
|SectionState Court Records in Habeas Corpus Cases
Filing RequirementsMandatory

If the respondent is unable to submit any of these documents, the respondent shall identify the missing documents and provide a sworn, detailed statement as to why those documents were not submitted.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 5
|SectionState Court Records in Habeas Corpus Cases
Filing RequirementsMandatory

Pre-motion letters and responses must contain sufficient legal authority to serve this purpose.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 6
|SectionPre-motion Conference Requests in Civil Cases
Filing RequirementsMandatory

A TRO applicant must promptly file an ECF letter (under seal if ex parte) stating notice/consent details or Rule 65(b)(1) justification for no notice.

Court's wording

As soon as a party decides to seek a temporary restraining order, that party must file a letter on ECF (under seal if proceeding ex parte) and state clearly: (1) whether and how it has notified its adversary and whether the adversary consents to temporary injunctive relief; or (2) why the requirements of Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 65(b)(1) are satisfied and no notice is necessary.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 8
|SectionD. Motions for a Temporary Restraining Order and/or Preliminary Injunction
Filing RequirementsMandatory

Regardless, if any party concludes in good faith that delaying the filing of a motion, in order to comply with any aspect of these individual practices, will deprive the party of a substantive right, the party may file a motion within the time required by the Federal Rules of Civil and/or Appellate Procedure, together with an explanation of the basis for the conclusion.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 10
|SectionH. Motions Implicating Fed. R. App. P. 4(a)(4)(A) or Similar Time-Limiting Rules
Filing RequirementsMandatory

Only a copy of the cover letter shall be electronically filed in advance of the fully-briefed motion, and it must be filed as a letter, not as a motion.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 10
|SectionG. Filing of Motion Papers
Filing RequirementsMandatory

The stipulation shall be filed on ECF when the motion is fully briefed and shall set forth all relevant facts in the administrative record, including information contained in the treatment and medical records, in chronological order and with citations to the record.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 10
|SectionI. Stipulations of Fact for Social Security Cases
Filing RequirementsMandatory

Parties seeking or opposing judgment on the pleadings in social security cases shall confer and prepare a stipulation of fact with a chronology of medical treatment.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 10
|SectionI. Stipulations of Fact for Social Security Cases
Filing RequirementsMandatory

Parties in criminal cases shall follow the rules for memoranda of law in civil motions, as set forth in Section III, Part E of these Rules, unless otherwise directed by the Court.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 11
|SectionIV. CRIMINAL MOTIONS — B. Memoranda of Law
Filing RequirementsMandatory

Any party appealing a magistrate judge’s Order of Release or Order of Detention shall include a copy of the transcript before the magistrate judge with their motion, if the transcript is available.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 11
|SectionIV. CRIMINAL MOTIONS — C. Appeals of a Magistrate Judge’s Order of Release or Order of Detention
Filing RequirementsMandatory

Such letter must set forth the specific aspects of the magistrate judge’s determination that are being challenged.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 11
|SectionV. CIVIL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES — A. Appeals of Discovery Determinations by Magistrate Judges
Filing RequirementsMandatory

The joint pretrial order must include witness lists with addresses and expected testimony summaries, and generally limits testimony to listed witnesses absent prompt notice and good cause.

Court's wording

Witnesses: A list of names and addresses by each party as to the fact and expert witnesses whose testimony is to be offered in its case in chief, together with a brief narrative statement of the expected testimony of each witness. Only listed witnesses will be permitted to testify except when prompt notice has been given and good cause shown.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 12
|SectionV. CIVIL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES
Filing RequirementsMandatory

The joint pretrial order must include jurisdiction statements from parties with supporting statutes, legal doctrines, and jurisdictional facts.

Court's wording

Jurisdiction: A brief statement by plaintiff as to the basis of subject matter jurisdiction and a brief statement by each other party as to the presence or absence of subject matter jurisdiction. Such statements shall include citations to all statutes and legal doctrines relied on and relevant facts as to citizenship and jurisdictional amount.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 12
|SectionV. CIVIL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES
Filing RequirementsMandatory

Deposition Testimony: A designation by each party of deposition testimony to be offered in its case in chief, with any cross- designations and objections by any other party.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 12
|SectionV. CIVIL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES
Filing RequirementsMandatory

Caption: The full caption of the action

Document
Pretrial order

Include

  • Caption
  • The full caption of the action
OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 12
|SectionV. CIVIL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES
Filing RequirementsMandatory

Claims and Defenses: A brief summary by each party of the elements of the claims and defenses that party has asserted which remain to be tried, including citations to all statutes relied on.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 12
|SectionV. CIVIL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES
Filing RequirementsMandatory

Parties and Counsel: The names, addresses (including firm names), and telephone and fax numbers of trial counsel.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 12
|SectionV. CIVIL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES
Filing RequirementsMandatory

Jury or Bench Trial: A statement by each party as to whether the case is to be tried with or without a jury, and the number of trial days needed.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 12
|SectionV. CIVIL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES
Filing RequirementsMandatory

All exhibits must be pre-marked for the trial and exchanged with the other parties at least 15 days before trial.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 13
|SectionC. Exchange of Exhibits
Filing RequirementsMandatory

Only exhibits listed will be received in evidence except for good cause shown.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 13
|Sectionj. Exhibits
Filing RequirementsMandatory

The parties shall submit a joint letter on ECF certifying that these items have been transmitted.

Filing RequirementsMandatory

The plaintiff’s exhibits must be pre-marked with numbers. The defendant’s exhibits must be pre-marked with letters.

Filing RequirementsMandatory

Verdict sheets must include formulae for the calculation of damages where applicable.

Filing RequirementsMandatory

A party relying on FRE 608(b) or 609 must file a motion in limine explaining admissibility.

Court's wording

If a party seeks to introduce evidence through cross-examination or otherwise under either Federal Rule of Evidence 608(b) or 609, the party must file a motion in limine outlining why its intended exhibit(s) and/or area(s) of cross-examination are admissible under the relevant rule.

Filing RequirementsMandatory

In a multi-defendant case, all filings must designate the specific defendant or defendants as to who the filing pertains.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 15
|SectionVI. CRIMINAL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES > C. Filings Prior to Trial in Criminal Cases
Filing RequirementsMandatory

Motions in limine addressing evidentiary or other trial management issues in dispute must be filed no later than 30 days before the date fixed for commencement of jury selection.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 15
|SectionVI. CRIMINAL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES > C. Filings Prior to Trial in Criminal Cases
Filing RequirementsMandatory

Any objecting party must identify the specific language and paragraph numbers of the presentence report to which it objects.

Filing RequirementsMandatory

For non-jury trials, parties shall file proposed findings of fact and conclusions of law no later than 10 days after the conclusion of trial, unless the Court sets a different filing deadline. Responses to such submissions are not permitted.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 17
|SectionPOST-TRIAL PROCEDURES FOR BENCH TRIALS
Filing RequirementsMandatory

The Court requires at least two (2) days’ notice of a guilty plea on a violation of supervised release. The notice must specify the violations as to which the defendant intends to plead guilty.

Filing RequirementsImportant

However, parties need not submit word-processing files of stipulations of dismissal or settlement unless specifically requested to do so.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 4
|SectionWord-Processing Files of Certain Submissions
Filing RequirementsImportant

Memoranda of 10 pages or more shall contain a table of contents and table of authorities.

Document
Memorandum of law

Must include

  • Table of contents
  • Table of authorities
OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 9
|SectionF. Memoranda of Law
Filing RequirementsImportant

Memoranda must present legal points and authorities under appropriate headings and include pinpoint citations.

Document
Memorandum of law

Must include

  • Legal argument

Court's wording

Memoranda must set forth the points and authorities relied upon in support of or in opposition to the motion, and must be divided, under appropriate headings, into as many parts as there are points to be determined. Case citations must contain pinpoint cites to specific page references.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 9
|SectionF. Memoranda of Law
Filing RequirementsImportant

Parties should also label exhibits according to Section III, Part F(2) of these Rules.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 11
|SectionIV. CRIMINAL MOTIONS — B. Memoranda of Law
Filing RequirementsImportant

Stipulations: A statement of stipulated facts, if any.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 12
|SectionV. CIVIL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES
Filing RequirementsImportant

The Government should file a Rule 12.4 disclosure statement before the first appearance, when applicable.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 15
|SectionVI. CRIMINAL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES > A. Initial Matters
Filing RequirementsImportant

The binder should also include an exhibit list and a witness list.

Document
Exhibit binder

Should include

  • Exhibit list
OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 16
|SectionVI. CRIMINAL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES > C. Filings Prior to Trial in Criminal Cases
Filing RequirementsImportant

All parties and counsel shall address each other in all written documents and court proceedings by the pronouns and/or honorifics previously identified.

OEM-MLR · Oct 2025 · p. 18
|SectionPRONOUNS AND HONORIFICS

Filing & Service rules

Courtesy Copy Requirements

Courtesy-copy submissions of 50+ pages must be in one tabbed three-ring binder, with maximum 2-inch size and labeled cover/spine.

For submissions 50 pages in length or more, all documents comprising a submission (i.e.: memorandum, declarations, exhibits, etc.) must be submitted together, in a single three-ring binder with appropriately labeled tabs. Binders must be appropriately sized for their contents—0.5, 1, 1.5, or 2 inches—but must not exceed 2 inches. Binder covers and spines must identify the case name, docket number, and the binder’s contents.

Page 3 | Courtesy Copies

Two courtesy copies are required regardless of length for motions to dismiss, summary judgment, compel arbitration, and remand.

Regardless of page length, all (i) motions to dismiss, (ii) motions for summary judgment, (iii) motions to compel arbitration, and (iv) motions to remand to state court.

Page 3 | Courtesy Copies

Courtesy copies must be double-sided and bound on the left side.

Parties shall use double-sided printing and bind submissions on the left side.

Page 3 | Courtesy Copies

Two courtesy copies are required for ECF submissions of 25 pages or more, including exhibits and attachments.

All written submissions filed on ECF that are 25 pages in length or more (inclusive of any exhibits or attachments);

Page 3 | Courtesy Copies

Summary judgment pre-motion requests require two bound courtesy copies sent to chambers within two business days, and email or hard-drive delivery is not permitted.

As well as filing on ECF, parties requesting a pre-motion conference for a summary judgment motion must send two bound courtesy copies (in compliance with Section II, Part D) of all pre-motion conference papers and exhibits to chambers, via overnight mail or courier within two business days of filing. Emailing chambers or providing a hard drive of such courtesy copies is not acceptable.

Page 7 | C. Motions for Summary Judgment

A courtesy copy must be delivered immediately after filing when Individual Rule 1.3 makes courtesy copies applicable.

The moving party must deliver a courtesy copy immediately after filing where applicable under Individual Rule 1.3.

Page 9 | (unnamed subsection before E. Briefing Schedule)

When motion briefing is complete, the moving party must provide Chambers with a full courtesy-copy set and an itemized letter, except pro se movants.

On the day the motion is fully briefed, each party shall electronically file its moving papers. In addition, the moving party (unless pro se) shall furnish chambers with a full set of courtesy copies of the motion papers (in compliance with Section II, Part D of these Rules), together with a letter specifying each document in the package.

Page 10 | G. Filing of Motion Papers

Parties must provide three tabbed exhibit binders with case-caption labeling at least 10 days before trial unless the Court orders otherwise.

The parties shall provide the Court with three copies of tabbed binders containing all exhibits, with the case caption on the spine and front cover of each binder, at least 10 days before trial, unless otherwise ordered by the Court.

Page 14 | 4.

When a witness will refer to documentary evidence on direct, counsel must have copies for opposing counsel, the court reporter, and two copies for the Court.

Where counsel anticipates that a witness will refer to documentary evidence in the course of his or her direct testimony, counsel shall have copies of the document(s) available for opposing counsel, the court reporter, and two copies for the Court.

Page 16 | VI. CRIMINAL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES > C. Filings Prior to Trial in Criminal Cases

Parties must provide the Court three tabbed exhibit binders by the Friday before trial unless the Court orders otherwise.

The parties shall provide the Court with three tabbed binders containing copies of all exhibits no later than the Friday before trial, unless otherwise ordered by the Court.

Page 16 | VI. CRIMINAL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES > C. Filings Prior to Trial in Criminal Cases

Courtesy copies should include the ECF-stamped version, or otherwise be prominently labeled with the specified notice.

Preferably, the courtesy copies will be reproductions of the document as filed on ECF, with the ECF stamp appearing at the top of the page. If not, the courtesy copies should be prominently labeled “Courtesy Copy - Original was electronically filed and assigned document number X.”

Page 3 | Courtesy Copies

Sealing & Redaction Procedures

Motions for leave to file documents under seal should be filed via ECF in accordance with the EDNY’s instructions for filing sealed documents.

Motions for leave to file documents under seal should be filed via ECF in accordance with the EDNY’s instructions for filing sealed documents.

Page 2 | Filing Submissions Under Seal

Criminal sealed-filing procedures are provided in the referenced EDNY instruction document.

Instructions for filing sealed documents in criminal cases are at: https://img.nyed.uscourts.gov/files/forms/EfilingSealedCR.pdf.

Page 3 | CASE FILINGS

Civil sealed-filing procedures are provided in the referenced EDNY instruction document.

Instructions for filing sealed documents in civil cases are at: https://img.nyed.uscourts.gov/files/forms/EfilingSealedCV.pdf.

Page 3 | CASE FILINGS

Objections should be filed under seal on ECF and served upon opposing counsel and the Probation Department.

Objections should be filed under seal on ECF and served upon opposing counsel and the Probation Department.

Page 17 | SENTENCING

Filing Bundling Requirements

For submissions of 50 pages or more, all components of the submission must be bundled together in one binder.

For submissions 50 pages in length or more, all documents comprising a submission (i.e.: memorandum, declarations, exhibits, etc.) must be submitted together, in a single three-ring binder with appropriately labeled tabs.

Page 3 | Courtesy Copies

Parties may choose to bundle filing until full briefing, with service of all motion papers plus a detailed cover letter.

If the parties elect to file their motion only once it is fully briefed, the notice of motion and all supporting papers are to be served on the other parties along with a cover letter setting forth whom the movant represents and the papers being served.

Page 10 | G. Filing of Motion Papers

Pre-Motion Conference Requirements

Pre-motion request letters are limited to 3 pages, and response letters are also limited to 3 pages and due within 7 days.

To request a pre-motion conference, the moving party shall file and serve a letter not to exceed three (3) pages in length setting forth the basis for the anticipated motion. All parties served shall serve and file a letter response, not to exceed three (3) pages within seven (7) days from service of the notification letter.

Page 6 | Pre-motion Conference Requests in Civil Cases

For summary judgment, pre-motion response-letter timing follows the Counter 56.1 schedule and reply letters are prohibited.

For motions for summary judgment, the timing of all responses to pre- motion letters in connection with motions for summary judgment shall be governed by timing set forth at Section III, Part C(1), infra. That is, responsive letters should be filed with the serving of the Counter 56.1 Statement. No reply letters are allowed.

Page 6 | Pre-motion Conference Requests in Civil Cases

In civil cases, represented movants must request a pre-motion conference before filing specified non-discovery motions, with listed case-type exceptions.

For motions other than discovery motions, in all cases in which the proposed movant is represented by counsel (except habeas corpus/prisoner petitions, Social Security appeals, and bankruptcy appeals), a pre-motion conference with the Court must be requested before making:

Page 6 | Pre-motion Conference Requests in Civil Cases

In summary judgment pre-motion practice, responses are due in 15 business days, 56.1 reply statements in 10 business days, and reply letters are not allowed.

Non-moving parties shall have 15 business days from service of a pre-motion letter and accompanying 56.1 Statement to respond to each. parties shall have 10 business days from receipt of a 56.1 Counter Statement to file a 56.1 Reply Statement. No reply letter shall be permitted.

Page 7 | C. Motions for Summary Judgment

For intended summary judgment motions, pre-motion conference requests must include a Local Rule 56.1 statement, except for pro se parties.

Except for pro se parties, pre-motion conference requests regarding an intended motion for summary judgment must be accompanied by a statement pursuant to Local Civil Rule 56.1, also known as the 56.1 Statement.

Page 7 | C. Motions for Summary Judgment

Responding parties should file a response using the ECF “Letter” event and not the “Motion for a Pre-Motion Conference” event.

Responding parties should file a response using the ECF “Letter” event and not the “Motion for a Pre-Motion Conference” event.

Page 7 | Pre-Motion Conference

The parties are to work together to set their own briefing schedule and submit it to the Court for approval. Approval may be given at the pre-motion conference or by subsequent order. No changes to the briefing schedule may be made without Court approval.

The parties are to work together to set their own briefing schedule and submit it to the Court for approval. Approval may be given at the pre-motion conference or by subsequent order. No changes to the briefing schedule may be made without Court approval.

Page 9 | E. Briefing Schedule

For motions with strictly enforced deadlines needed to preserve rights, no pre-motion conference or full-briefing-before-filing requirement applies.

As indicated above, these practices do not require a pre-motion conference or that a motion be fully briefed before it is filed when strictly enforced time limits must be met to preserve rights.

Page 10 | H. Motions Implicating Fed. R. App. P. 4(a)(4)(A) or Similar Time-Limiting Rules

Criminal motion papers cannot be served before a court-ordered briefing schedule, and schedule changes require court approval.

The Court will order briefing schedules for motions. Parties may not serve motion papers before the Court enters a briefing schedule. No changes in a briefing schedule may be made without the Court’s approval.

Page 11 | IV. CRIMINAL MOTIONS — A. Scheduling and Filing of Motions

In criminal cases, counsel must raise intended motions at a status conference, or request a written pre-motion conference stating grounds if no status conference is set.

Counsel shall advise the Court of any motions they want to file at a status conference scheduled by the Court. If no status conference has been scheduled, counsel shall request a pre-motion conference in writing and briefly state the grounds for such motion.

Page 11 | IV. CRIMINAL MOTIONS — A. Scheduling and Filing of Motions

Civil appeals of magistrate discovery determinations have 14-day appeal and opposition deadlines, no reply as of right, and any further reply/briefing only by court direction.

Unless otherwise ordered by the Court, any appeal of a magistrate judge’s discovery determination must be served upon all parties and filed with the Court within 14 days of the challenged determination. Any party opposing such an appeal shall file its opposition, if any, within 14 days of service of any appeal. Parties are not permitted a reply as of right. Should the Court desire a reply letter or additional briefing, the Court shall inform the parties.

Page 11 | V. CIVIL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES — A. Appeals of Discovery Determinations by Magistrate Judges

In limine motions must be filed at least 30 days before jury selection, with responses due 14 days after filing, and parties must propose a briefing schedule.

The parties shall propose their own briefing schedule on any motions addressing evidentiary or other issues that should be resolved in limine, provided that all such motions are filed at least 30 days before the commencement of jury selection. Any responses are due 14 days after the motions are filed.

Page 14 | 1.

Serving the pre-motion letter within applicable Rule 12/56 deadlines counts as timely service of the motion.

Service of the letter motion within the time requirements of Fed. R. Civ. P. 12 or 56, or any other applicable filing or service deadline, shall constitute timely service of a motion made pursuant to those provisions.

Page 7 | Pre-Motion Conference

Using the wrong ECF event for a pre-motion conference request can lead to denial without prejudice.

Failure to request a pre-motion conference under the accurate ECF event may result in a denial of the pre-motion conference request without prejudice to refile.

Page 7 | Pre-Motion Conference

Pre-motion conference letters are not required for Rule 50, 59, or 60 motions.

For example, letters requesting pre-motion conferences are not required for motions pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 50, 59 and 60, and counsel should be aware that the Court of Appeals will not accept an argument that compliance with district court motion rules should excuse noncompliance with Fed. R. App. P. 4.

Page 7 | Pre-Motion Conference

Pre-motion conferences are generally not required for criminal motions except as stated in Section IV.A(1).

Except as provided above in Section IV, Part A(1), no pre-motion conference is required for a criminal motion.

Page 11 | IV. CRIMINAL MOTIONS — A. Scheduling and Filing of Motions

The Court may bypass a pre-motion conference and set a motion schedule directly when a conference would not be useful.

In some cases, it will be apparent from the letter requesting a pre-motion conference that such a conference will not be a useful expenditure of the parties’ time, and a motion schedule will be set without a pre-motion conference.

Page 7 | Pre-Motion Conference

Expert-evidence exclusion motions (including Daubert motions) must be filed at least 45 days before jury selection, and responses are due 14 days after filing.

Motions to exclude or limit the testimony of experts pursuant to Rules 702–705 of the Federal Rules of Evidence, including but not limited to motions to exclude scientific or technical evidence under the Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 509 U.S. 579 (1993) line of cases, shall be filed at least 45 days before the commencement of jury selection. Responses are due 14 days after the motion is filed.

Page 14 | 3.

Adjournment & Extension Requirements

Adjournment or enlargement requests must be written ECF filings and include specified background and consent information.

All requests for adjournments or enlargement of time must be in writing and submitted on ECF and state: a. The original date; b. The reason for the request; c. The number of previous requests for adjournment or enlargement; d. Whether these previous requests were granted or denied; and e. Whether the adversary consents, and, if not, the reasons given by the adversary for refusing to consent.

Page 4 | Requests for Adjournments or Enlargement of Time

Requests for adjournment or enlargement must be made at least two business days before the deadline or appearance, except emergencies.

Absent an emergency, all requests for adjournment or enlargement of time shall be made at least two (2) business days prior to the scheduled deadline or appearance.

Page 4 | Requests for Adjournments or Enlargement of Time

In pre-conviction criminal cases, adjournment requests must state whether parties agreed on a new date or availability period.

Requests for adjournments in pre-conviction criminal cases must also state: a. whether the parties have agreed on a new date or period of availability;

Page 4 | Requests for Adjournments or Enlargement of Time

If other scheduled dates are impacted, adjournment/enlargement requests must include proposed revised dates.

If the requested adjournment or enlargement of time affects any other scheduled dates, proposed revised dates must be provided.

Page 4 | Requests for Adjournments or Enlargement of Time

Sentencing adjournment applications must be submitted in writing at least 10 business days before sentencing.

Applications regarding sentencing adjournments shall be made in writing at least 10 business days prior to the date of sentencing.

Page 17 | SENTENCING

Any response to a sentencing adjournment application must be filed in writing at least 6 business days before sentencing.

The response, if any, shall be made in writing at least six (6) business days before the date of sentencing.

Page 17 | SENTENCING

Chambers Communication Rules

Communications with chambers must be filed in writing on ECF and simultaneously provided to parties not receiving ECF notifications.

All communications with chambers shall be in writing and filed on ECF, with copies simultaneously delivered to all parties who do not receive automatic notification through ECF.

Page 1 | COMMUNICATIONS WITH CHAMBERS

All faxes should be simultaneously provided to all counsel and followed with an electronic filing.

All faxes should be simultaneously provided to all counsel and followed with an electronic filing.

Page 2 | COMMUNICATIONS WITH CHAMBERS

Adjournment requests made within 48 hours of an appearance must include a telephone call to chambers.

Any adjournment of a court appearance being requested within 48 hours of the appearance shall be accompanied by a telephone call to chambers advising the Court of the request.

Page 4 | Requests for Adjournments or Enlargement of Time

For TRO requests, the moving party must email chambers with filing notice and requested timing for court action.

The moving party must email Chambers giving notice of the filing and the time frame requested for Court action.

Page 8 | D. Motions for a Temporary Restraining Order and/or Preliminary Injunction

A clean proposed joint pretrial order must be emailed to chambers at the same time it is filed on ECF.

A clean version of the proposed joint pretrial order shall be sent to Chambers email concurrently with the version filed on ECF.

Page 12 | V. CIVIL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES

In criminal cases, AUSAs must call chambers at the listed number when a new case is assigned so an initial pretrial conference can be scheduled.

Pretrial Conference in Criminal Cases: Assistant United States Attorneys are responsible for informing chambers by calling Case Manager Tasheana Lubin at (718) 613-2465 when a new case has been assigned to Judge Merchant. Upon such notification, an initial pretrial conference will be scheduled.

Page 15 | VI. CRIMINAL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES > A. Initial Matters

Email and fax communications to chambers require prior authorization unless otherwise provided.

Except as provided in these Rules, emails and faxes to chambers are permitted only if prior authorization is obtained.

Page 2 | COMMUNICATIONS WITH CHAMBERS

Parties should not contact chambers for ECF registration, filing, or technical questions.

Parties are advised not to contact chambers with questions regarding ECF registration, filing, or other technical issues.

Page 2 | CASE FILINGS

If your submission requires immediate attention, please notify chambers by telephone after you file via ECF.

If your submission requires immediate attention, please notify chambers by telephone after you file via ECF.

Page 3 | Court’s Review of ECF Submissions

For time-sensitive matters, counsel may call Chambers if no response is received within three hours, and the call must occur before business day end.

If the matter is time sensitive and Chambers does not respond within three (3) hours, the movant may call Chambers before the end of the business day.

Page 9 | (unnamed subsection before E. Briefing Schedule)

Unless otherwise ordered by the Court, jury instructions, proposed verdict sheets, and proposed voir dire questions in jury cases should be submitted directly to the Chambers’ inbox in not later than 15 days before trial in word- processor format.

Unless otherwise ordered by the Court, jury instructions, proposed verdict sheets, and proposed voir dire questions in jury cases should be submitted directly to the Chambers’ inbox in not later than 15 days before trial in word- processor format.

Page 14 | 3.

If exhibit volume makes the binder requirement impracticable, parties should call chambers at least 10 business days before trial for courtesy-copy instructions.

If in the judgment of the parties the volume of exhibits makes this requirement impracticable, please call chambers at least 10 business days before trial for instructions on how to submit courtesy copies of the exhibits.

Page 16 | VI. CRIMINAL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES > C. Filings Prior to Trial in Criminal Cases

For docketing, scheduling, or calendar matters, call Tasheana Lubin at (718) 613-2465.

For docketing, scheduling, or calendar matters, call Tasheana Lubin at (718) 613-2465.

Page 1 | COMMUNICATIONS WITH CHAMBERS

For sealed ECF filing help, parties should call the ECF help desk.

For help e-filing under seal, contact the ECF help desk at (718) 613-2610.

Page 3 | CASE FILINGS

Word-processing files may be sent to chambers by email at the listed address.

Counsel may send the files to: Merchant_Chambers@nyed.uscourts.gov.

Page 4 | Word-Processing Files of Certain Submissions

About United States District Judge Orelia E. Merchant

District Judge Orelia E. Merchant was appointed to the Eastern District of New York by President Joseph R. Biden in 2023.

Born in 1971 in the Bronx, New York, Judge Merchant served as Chief Deputy Attorney General for State Counsel for New York (2019–2023) before her federal appointment. Prior to that she served as Executive Assistant U.S. Attorney in the Eastern District of New York (2016–2019) and as an Assistant U.S. Attorney in the Civil Division for the Eastern District of New York (2002–2016). She also served as a Special Assistant U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of Louisiana (2000–2001) and as Assistant Regional Counsel at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1998–2000, 2001–2002).

Education

  • Tulane University Law School, J.D., 1998
  • College of William and Mary, M.A., 1995
  • Dillard University, B.S., 1992

Career

  • U.S. District Judge, Eastern District of New York, 2023–present
  • Chief Deputy Attorney General for State Counsel, New York, 2019–2023
  • Executive Assistant U.S. Attorney, EDNY, 2016–2019
  • Assistant U.S. Attorney (Civil Division), EDNY, 2002–2016
  • Special Assistant U.S. Attorney, Eastern District of Louisiana, 2000–2001
  • Assistant Regional Counsel, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1998–2002

Courthouse: 225 Cadman Plaza East, Brooklyn, NY 11201 Phone: (718) 613-2460

Chambers Staff

  • Courtroom Deputy: (718) 613-2661
Common questions about Judge Orelia E. Merchant's rules

Are courtesy copies required for Judge Orelia E. Merchant?

Courtesy copies must be double-sided and bound on the left side.

View ruleSource: page 3, section Courtesy Copies

Does Judge Orelia E. Merchant require a pre-motion conference or letter before filing a motion?

Civil appeals of magistrate discovery determinations have 14-day appeal and opposition deadlines, no reply as of right, and any further reply/briefing only by court direction.

View ruleSource: page 11, section V. CIVIL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES — A. Appeals of Discovery Determinations by Magistrate Judges

What page or word limits apply to memorandum of law before Judge Orelia E. Merchant?

Judge Orelia E. Merchant's rule states these limits: 25 pages; 10 pages. Excludes table of contents, table of authorities, appendices, and attachments. Support/opposition memoranda are capped at 25 pages and reply memoranda at 10 pages, with specified exclusions and formatting requirements.

View ruleSource: page 9, section F. Memoranda of Law

What page or word limits apply to letter before Judge Orelia E. Merchant?

Judge Orelia E. Merchant's rule states these limits: 3 pages. A civil appeal of a magistrate discovery determination must be a letter limited to three pages.

View ruleSource: page 11, section V. CIVIL PRETRIAL PROCEDURES — A. Appeals of Discovery Determinations by Magistrate Judges

What formatting rules apply to filings before Judge Orelia E. Merchant?

Judge Orelia E. Merchant's formatting rule includes file format PDF and efiled. All non-video/audio evidence, including images, must be converted to PDF and electronically filed.

View ruleSource: page 2, section CASE FILINGS

What must be included with correspondence filings before Judge Orelia E. Merchant?

The rule requires caption and case number. Correspondence must identify counsel’s side and include case name, docket number, and assigned judge initials.

View ruleSource: page 1, section COMMUNICATIONS WITH CHAMBERS

What must be included with motion to seal filings before Judge Orelia E. Merchant?

The motion should include a cover letter explaining the reason(s) for sealing, restricting access to, or filing a redacted version of the document, along with the document that is requested to be sealed/restricted/redacted.

View ruleSource: page 2, section Filing Submissions Under Seal

How may parties contact Judge Orelia E. Merchant's chambers?

Communications with chambers must be filed in writing on ECF and simultaneously provided to parties not receiving ECF notifications.

View ruleSource: page 1, section COMMUNICATIONS WITH CHAMBERS

How does Judge Orelia E. Merchant handle sealed or redacted filings?

Civil sealed-filing procedures are provided in the referenced EDNY instruction document.

View ruleSource: page 3, section CASE FILINGS

How do I request an adjournment or extension before Judge Orelia E. Merchant?

The request must include original date, reason for request, number of previous requests, previous requests granted or denied, and adversary position. Adjournment or enlargement requests must be written ECF filings and include specified background and consent information.

View ruleSource: page 4, section Requests for Adjournments or Enlargement of Time

Does Judge Orelia E. Merchant require motion papers to be bundled?

For submissions of 50 pages or more, all components of the submission must be bundled together in one binder.

View ruleSource: page 3, section Courtesy Copies
Complete rules summary for Judge Orelia E. Merchant

Courtesy copies must be double-sided and bound on the left side.

Civil appeals of magistrate discovery determinations have 14-day appeal and opposition deadlines, no reply as of right, and any further reply/briefing only by court direction.

Unless otherwise ordered by the Court, jury instructions, proposed verdict sheets, and proposed voir dire questions in jury cases should be submitted directly to the Chambers’ inbox in not later than 15 days before trial in word- processor format.

Courtesy copies should include the ECF-stamped version, or otherwise be prominently labeled with the specified notice.

If your submission requires immediate attention, please notify chambers by telephone after you file via ECF.

For motions with strictly enforced deadlines needed to preserve rights, no pre-motion conference or full-briefing-before-filing requirement applies.

Communications with chambers must be filed in writing on ECF and simultaneously provided to parties not receiving ECF notifications.

All faxes should be simultaneously provided to all counsel and followed with an electronic filing.

For docketing, scheduling, or calendar matters, call Tasheana Lubin at (718) 613-2465.

Correspondence must identify counsel’s side and include case name, docket number, and assigned judge initials.

Email and fax communications to chambers require prior authorization unless otherwise provided.

ECF filing is mandatory for civil (except pro se) and criminal cases.

Parties should not contact chambers for ECF registration, filing, or technical questions.

All non-video/audio evidence, including images, must be converted to PDF and electronically filed.

In pro se cases, represented parties must e-file and serve copies on pro se litigants.

The motion should include a cover letter explaining the reason(s) for sealing, restricting access to, or filing a redacted version of the document, along with the document that is requested to be sealed/restricted/redacted.

Large video or audio exhibits cannot be submitted by email, USB, or CD.

Civil sealed-filing procedures are provided in the referenced EDNY instruction document.

Two courtesy copies are required for ECF submissions of 25 pages or more, including exhibits and attachments.

For sealed ECF filing help, parties should call the ECF help desk.

For redacted filings, parties must submit both versions together or provide an unredacted version with visible highlighted proposed redactions.

Word-processing files may be sent to chambers by email at the listed address.

Adjournment or enlargement requests must be written ECF filings and include specified background and consent information.

Courtesy-copy submissions of 50+ pages must be in one tabbed three-ring binder, with maximum 2-inch size and labeled cover/spine.

Word-processing files are not required for dismissal or settlement stipulations unless chambers specifically requests them.

Written submissions and supporting materials must be text-searchable where practicable.

For submissions of 50 pages or more, all components of the submission must be bundled together in one binder.

If other scheduled dates are impacted, adjournment/enlargement requests must include proposed revised dates.

In civil cases, represented movants must request a pre-motion conference before filing specified non-discovery motions, with listed case-type exceptions.

Adjournment requests made within 48 hours of an appearance must include a telephone call to chambers.

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